Mostly I work in MATLAB. If I need graphics, we have a nice OpenNX setup that does remote desktop quite well. It's nearly seamless when I'm on-site, and is still tolerable when I use it from home over DSL (as long as nobody else at home is using the upload capacity).
But often I don't need full graphics, just a text editor and the MATLAB command window. So in today's adventure, we are going to try setting up tmux and vim.